Here’s the year-by-year breakdown you asked for. I’m using the Department of Homeland Security’s official Yearbook Table 39 for 2009–2022 (which splits returns into “administrative” and “enforcement” and adds Title 42 “expulsions” starting in 2020). For 2023–2024 I add the best official numbers available (with clear labels when they’re preliminary or approximate). Fiscal years run Oct 1–Sep 30; the “President” is whoever served for the majority of that fiscal year.
Removals, Returns, and Expulsions by Fiscal Year (2009–2025)
| FY | President (majority of FY) | Removals | Administrative Returns | Enforcement Returns | Total Returns | Title 42 Expulsions | Total Repatriations (Removals + Returns + Expulsions) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | Barack Obama | 379,739 | 59,409 | 523,153 | 582,562 | – | 962,301 |
| 2010 | Barack Obama | 382,449 | 61,895 | 409,898 | 471,793 | – | 854,242 |
| 2011 | Barack Obama | 390,413 | 60,896 | 261,149 | 322,045 | – | 712,458 |
| 2012 | Barack Obama | 415,579 | 47,361 | 183,744 | 231,105 | – | 646,684 |
| 2013 | Barack Obama | 432,334 | 44,707 | 134,265 | 178,972 | – | 611,306 |
| 2014 | Barack Obama | 405,193 | 45,666 | 118,170 | 163,836 | – | 569,029 |
| 2015 | Barack Obama | 324,428 | 43,237 | 86,399 | 129,636 | – | 454,064 |
| 2016 | Barack Obama | 332,331 | 30,341 | 76,137 | 106,478 | – | 438,809 |
| 2017 | Donald Trump | 284,365 | 15,072 | 85,380 | 100,452 | – | 384,817 |
| 2018 | Donald Trump | 327,608 | 72,756 | 87,202 | 159,958 | – | 487,566 |
| 2019 | Donald Trump | 347,090 | 89,719 | 81,401 | 171,120 | – | 518,210 |
| 2020 | Donald Trump | 237,364 | 113,857 | 53,595 | 167,452 | 206,770 | 611,586 |
| 2021 | Joe Biden | 85,783 | 128,339 | 49,664 | 178,003 | 1,071,074 | 1,334,860 |
| 2022 | Joe Biden | 108,733 | 180,266 | 81,121 | 261,387 | 1,103,966 | 1,474,086 |
| 2023 | Joe Biden | 142,580 | — | — | ≈ 894,900 † | 62,545 | ≈ 1,100,000 † |
| 2024 | Joe Biden | 271,484 | — | — | ≥ 428,516 ‡ | 0 | ≥ 700,000 ‡ |
| 2025 | Donald Trump | (TBD) | (TBD) | (TBD) | (TBD) | 0 (Title 42 ended 5/11/2023) | (TBD) |
Sources: 2009–2022 figures straight from DHS Yearbook Table 39 (official) which includes the split of returns and, beginning in 2020, Title 42 expulsions. For 2017–2021 totals (including 2020–2021 expulsions) see the 2021 table view as well.
2023 removals (142,580) and 2023 expulsions (62,545) are from ICE’s FY2023 Annual Report.
2024 removals (271,484) come from contemporaneous reporting on ICE’s FY2024 results (same order of magnitude cited across outlets); “over 700,000 removals and returns in FY2024” is from CBP’s official monthly update summarizing FY2024.
† 2023 totals: DHS has not yet published a Yearbook 2023 Table 39; the ~1.1M total repatriations reflect DHS’s monthly series as compiled by USAFacts and align with the ICE/CBP reporting cadence. Returns shown are an approximation computed as Total – Removals – Expulsions. Treat as approximate until DHS publishes the official 2023 Yearbook table.
‡ 2024 totals: CBP states DHS completed “roughly/over 700,000 removals and returns in FY2024”; with 271,484 ICE removals and no Title 42, the returns figure is at least 428,516. DHS has not yet released a Yearbook 2024 Table 39; consider this preliminary.
Presidency totals (by fiscal years where each president served the majority)
- Obama (FY2009–FY2016)
Removals: 3,062,466; Returns: 2,186,427; Expulsions: 0; Total repatriations: 5,248,893. - Trump (FY2017–FY2020)
Removals: 1,196,427; Returns: 598,982; Expulsions: 206,770; Total repatriations: 2,002,179. - Biden (FY2021–FY2024, through latest available)
Removals: ≈ 608,580; Returns: ≈ 1,762,781; Expulsions: ≈ 2,237,585; Total repatriations: ≥ 4,608,946.
(Built from official 2021–2022 DHS Yearbook figures plus ICE/CBP 2023–2024 reporting; 2023 returns are approximate; 2024 totals are lower bounds until DHS publishes Yearbook tables.)
Quick definitions (for clarity)
- Removal: DHS sends a noncitizen out of the U.S. based on an order of removal (carries administrative/criminal reentry penalties).
- Return: DHS sends a noncitizen out of the U.S. without an order of removal. Two subtypes: administrative returns (OFO admin encounters such as withdrawals/crew) and enforcement returns (ICE/USBP/OFO following enforcement encounters, including voluntary departure/return).
- Expulsion: Title 42 public-health process used March 2020–May 11, 2023; not used before or after that window.
Plain-text source links (copy/paste ready)
- DHS Yearbook 2022 – Table 39 (official, with admin/enforcement returns & expulsions): https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2022/table39
- DHS Yearbook 2021 – Table 39 (official, through FY2021): https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2021/table39
- ICE FY2023 Annual Report (PDF): https://www.ice.gov/doclib/eoy/iceAnnualReportFY2023.pdf
- AP recap noting FY2024 removals ≈271,484 (ICE): https://apnews.com/article/ice-report-expulsions-arrests-removals-immigration-8ca12fa9e823f972b6ce08d3a3f9a5a2
- CBP monthly update (Jan 14, 2025) stating ~700,000 removals+returns in FY2024: https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-december-2024-monthly-update
- USAFacts summary (drawn from DHS monthly tables) with 2023 total ~1.1M: https://usafacts.org/answers/how-many-people-were-deported-from-the-us/country/united-states/
- DHS OHSS “DHS Repatriations” (definitions & data lineage): https://ohss.dhs.gov/khsm/dhs-repatriations
Here are the totals by presidency (grouped by fiscal years) for removals, returns, expulsions, and the combined total repatriations.
Fiscal years (FY) run Oct 1–Sep 30. “Returns” are voluntary/administrative and enforcement returns; “Expulsions” are Title 42 public-health expulsions (Mar 2020–May 11, 2023). 2025 figures are year-to-date from DHS press releases and will be revised in official yearbooks.
| Presidency (FY coverage) | Removals | Returns | Expulsions | Total repatriations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barack Obama (FY2009–FY2016) | 3,062,466 | 2,186,427 | 0 | 5,248,893 |
| Donald Trump (FY2017–FY2020) | 1,196,427 | 598,982 | 206,770 | 2,002,179 |
| Joe Biden (FY2021–FY2024) | 608,580 | ≈1,225,326¹ | ≈2,775,040² | ≈4,608,946³ |
| Donald Trump (since Jan 20, 2025, YTD) | >400,000⁴ | ≈1,600,000 (self-deportations)⁴ | 0 | >2,000,000 (to date)⁴ |
How these were computed (sources):
• FY2009–FY2022 annual figures come directly from DHS’s Yearbook Table 39 (Removals, Administrative Returns, Enforcement Returns, and Title 42 Expulsions).
• FY2023 & FY2024 removals are from ICE Annual Reports (142,580 in FY2023; 271,484 in FY2024).
• FY2024 total removals+returns were “over 700,000” per CBP’s FY2024 closeout, which I used to derive a conservative floor for 2024 returns (≥700,000 − 271,484).
• FY2023 total repatriations were ~1.1M (DHS-sourced series compiled by USAFacts), and USAFacts notes ~600k Title 42 expulsions in the first half of FY2023 (before May 11, 2023). I backed out FY2023 returns ≈ 1.1M − 142,580 − ~600k.
• 2025 YTD totals (“over 2 million removed or self-deported since Jan 20, 2025,” incl. ~1.6M self-deportations and >400k removals) come from DHS press releases; these are not yet reflected in the Yearbook.
Notes & caveats
- Returns for FY2021–FY2022 are exact (from Yearbook); FY2023 returns are derived from total repatriations minus removals and expulsions; FY2024 returns are a lower bound based on CBP’s “over 700k” removals+returns and ICE’s 271,484 removals.
- Expulsions (Title 42) only exist in FY2020–FY2023; FY2023 expulsions are approximated (~600k) from USAFacts’ synthesis of DHS data.
- Biden total is therefore an approximation (conservative on returns in 2024).
- 2025 YTD values are press-release claims (policy branding includes “self-deportations” via CBP/ICE programs). Treat as provisional until DHS publishes audited FY2025 tables.
Plain-text source links (for Obsidian)
DHS Yearbook Table 39 (FY1892–2022):
https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2022/table39
ICE FY2023 Annual Report (142,580 removals):
https://www.ice.gov/doclib/eoy/iceAnnualReportFY2023.pdf
ICE FY2024 Annual Report (271,484 removals):
https://www.ice.gov/doclib/eoy/iceAnnualReportFY2024.pdf
CBP FY2024 wrap (“over 700,000 removals and returns”):
https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-september-2024-monthly-update
USAFacts – “How many people are deported…” (1.1M repatriations in 2023; 2024 running total; methodology):
https://usafacts.org/answers/how-many-people-were-deported-from-the-us/country/united-states/
USAFacts – “Just the Facts about US immigration” (≈600k expulsions in first half of 2023):
https://usafacts.org/just-the-facts/immigration/
DHS press release – “Over 2 Million … in Less Than 250 Days” (Sep 23, 2025):
https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/09/23/new-milestone-over-2-million-illegal-aliens-out-united-states-less-250-days